In a groundbreaking study published yesterday in PLOS One, researchers from Germany’s Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics have revealed a troubling rate of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains found in dogs and cats. The study, which analyzed data from 3,491 veterinary practices across Germany, indicates that approximately 12% of E. coli isolates are resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, specifically cefovecin.
The research team examined antimicrobial susceptibility results from 175,171 samples collected between 2019 and 2021 through GERM-Vet, Germany’s monitoring system for resistant bacteria in animals. Of these, 25,491 E. coli strains were evaluated for resistance to various antibiotics, with a focus on cefovecin, the sole third-generation cephalosporin approved for veterinary use.
Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, including cefovecin, poses a significant health risk to both animals and humans, with potential implications for cross-species transmission. The study underscores the importance of monitoring antibiotic resistance in pets due to their close contact with humans, which could facilitate the spread of resistant pathogens.
Findings and Implications
The study revealed that 11.6% of E. coli isolates in both dogs and cats exhibited resistance to cefovecin. Regional variations were notable, with some areas reporting resistance rates as high as 15%. Moreover, cefovecin-resistant E. coli showed increased resistance to other antibiotics, including trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (30%), chloramphenicol (28%), enrofloxacin (18%), and gentamicin (14%).
The authors emphasize the need for continued research to better understand the transmission dynamics of resistant E. coli between pets and their owners. They argue that integrated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance is crucial for optimizing antibiotic use and safeguarding both human and animal health.
Concluding Thoughts
“Accurate knowledge of antibiotic resistance in animal pathogens is crucial for the optimal use of antibiotics and benefits human and animal health,” the study concludes. The findings highlight the urgent need for enhanced AMR monitoring and stewardship to address this growing public health concern.
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